Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Treatment Essay example --

In 1980, the term Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) first came into existence in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III). Only in 1987 did the DSM series make reference to traumatized children. The first major studies of the effects of large traumas on children were Bloch's 1956 study of the effect of a tornado in Mississippi, Lacey's 1972 study of the effects of an avalanche on a Welsh school, Newman's 1976 work on the Buffalo Creek disaster and Terr's 1979 research on the Chowchilla bus kidnapping. Psychological "trauma" is defined by the American Psychiatric Association as an experience beyond "the range of usual human experience," that "would be markedly distressing to almost anyone, and is usually experienced with intense fear, terror and helplessness" (DSM-IIIR, p. 247). Some examples include a serious threat to one's life (or that of one's children, spouse, etc.), rape, military combat, natural or accidental disasters, and tortur e. Sexual activity with an adult would be an example of a traumatic experience for a child. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as previously defined, is caused by an overwhelming event outside the range of ordinary human experience, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a physical assault. The symptoms include nightmares and other forms of re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance of situations and activities that arouse memories of the event, emotional numbness and detachment, pessimism, sleep problems, impulsive anger, jumpiness, and difficulty in concentration. There are many symptoms but there are also many affects to the functioning of an individual. The functioning defects can send an individual into crisis. Memory loss is common a... ...ishes on treatment options. This disorder is typically not fatal however; it has the potential to severely damage someone’s very existence. Get an individual evaluated for the proper medications and therapies and support them on their way to recovering. References M.D., J. A. (n.d.). abess.com index page. abess.com index page. Retrieved February 28, 2011, from http://www.abess.com Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-III-R. (3rd ed.). (1987). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. (4th ed.). (2000). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved February 28, 2011, from http://www.mayoclinic.com Noll, R. (1992). The encyclopedia of schizophrenia and the psychotic disorders. New York: Facts on File.

Most important Invention: The Computer Essay

When we think about technology mostly the first thing that comes to my mind is the image of a computer. Technological advancements such as computer have been designed to help humans and make the lives easy. In fact, computer is the Most important Invention because they can display and let you manipulate save information, and it is used in almost all fields . First of all computer have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work you have to do. The cheapest computer has at least the basic tasks such as mathematic that help you when you need to doing something in short time . For example, the only thing you must do is to type the information needed and it’s done. Secondly, computer can display and let you manipulate save information. You don’t need to use paper to save any information on shelves . You can have as many files as you can in a computer and organize them the way you like it without having to use any space. Finally, computer is used in almost all fields such as education, and any type of job. For example, you can use computers to play videogames, watch movies, listen to music and chat on the internet. So, computer is the most important Invention because you done the work in short time consumption on the activities, you can save the information and edit it anytime, and they let you do almost anything you need. Computer is tool of communication, and tool of education that can save money and time . You can have all the information in one place and dispose of it at the moment you need.

The Stalinist Era Of The Soviet Union During The 1930 S

The Stalinist era was a period in Russian history when â€Å"normal life became a luxury†. Stalin seized control of the Soviet Union during a time of great opposition and chaos. The manifestation of Communism forced the people to suffer through continuous upheavals.The state became the monopolistic producer and distributor of goods and as a result had full authority over the manufacturing and marketing of necessities such as basic foods, apartments, and even documents. Everyday Stalinism is an account of the â€Å"little men† living in the Soviet Union during the 1930’s. Written by Sheila Fitzpatrick, it describes the daily lives and struggles of the citizens throughout the revolution. All of society was reconstructed as an attempt to established a†¦show more content†¦The rewards would come later† (8) â€Å"Stalin’s revolution† is a term signifying the drastic increase in power experienced by the bureaucracy during the 1930’s. The First Five Year Plan incorporated policies which furthered mass production. The goal was to increase industrialization in order to reconstruct the Soviet Union into a utopian and powerful nation. The politburo, titled â€Å"nashi vozhdi†, was determined to create a nation which worked as a single, mass-producing machine. Everyone was under constant watch and expected to work in a â€Å"campaign style,†Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬Å"...In short, hectic bursts of concentrated attention to particular tasks, not through routine, incremental activity. This made life at the factory resemble life at the front†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (32). Efficient and vigourous production was key to reconstructing the Soviet Union into an industrialized and socialist state. Shortages were one of the major issues encountered during the perestroika. The inexperienced b ureaucracy was comprised of unqualified officials who developed an unrealistic and unorganized economy. Marxist thought encouraged heavy industry. The major drawback was that it did not emphasize the production of consumer goods, nor their distribution. Furthermore, â€Å"petty tutelage† or the desire to control even the smallest aspects of everyday life was exercised during the 1930’s. In due course personal enterprise was forbidden. Basic necessities were difficult to get which led to